Purpose This study sought to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a novel application of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(RFA) in the treatment of biliary stent obstruction.We report a retrospective study with the results of percutaneous intraductal radiofrequency ablation in patients with biliary stent occlusion. Methods A total of 43 cases involving biliary obstruction caused by biliary stent stenosis were treated by placing an EndoHPB catheter into the stenosis and performing percutaneous transhepatic biliary RFA.Biliary drainage catheters were removed after the procedure and Stent patency was evaluated immediately by cholangiography and on follow-up by contrast enhanced CT after the removal of the drainage catheter. Results Following this procedure, Of the 43 patients, 40 are alive and 3 patientsare dead with a median survival of 80.5 (range 30–243) days. One patient was lost to follow-up. All but one patient had their stent patent at the time of last follow-up or death.Two patients with stent blockage at 35days and 44days postprocedure underwent percutaneous transhepatic drain insertion only.The parameters of bilirubin before and after the procedure 128±65 to 63±29(μmol/L), There are no related complications(haemorrhage,bile duct perforation, bile leak or pancreatitis) and all patients were confirmed by cholangiography after procedure,the median patency time of 107 days(12~ 180 days).