Layered concrete media with different wave impedance materials under one-dimensional strain are studied by numerical simulation.The four typical prototypes are analyzed, including concrete foam, air, steel plate and concrete as the middle layer, and the upper and lower layers are concrete materials.The propagation characteristics of plane blast wave in the concrete structure are illustrated, including the propagation and attenuation of stress wave across the different interlayers, the wave reflection and transmission at layered interfaces, the peak value of stress in the lower concrete and the total energy distribution in various medium layers.The result shows that the role of soft interlayer in concrete structure is mainly due to its low wave impedance, the waveform of incident wave is changed, the stress wavelength is pull wide, the radial diffusion of energy is enhanced, and the stress amplitude of and the energy input into the third layer are reduced.Meanwhile, it has been also proved that the air interlayer is able to reduce the peak value of explosion wave which is obviously different from that of foamed material.As a result, it should be concerned about stress amplitude and energy in order to get the best protective structure.