金属—非金属共掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及其光催化性能研究

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TiO2’s photon utilization efficiency is low and it could be excited only by ultraviolet (UV) source, So S/Fe and S/Zn co-doped nanocrystalline TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by hydrothermal method in this paper. The composition and properties of the as-prepared TiO2 powders were characterized by XRD,XPS,UV-vis DRS,and so on. The factors influencing co-doped nanocrystalline TiO2 photocatalystic properties were discussed.The results showed that S/Fe co-doped anatase TiO2 was synthesized by Ti(SO42, FeCl3 and thiourea. Sulfur was in the forms of S2- and SO42-, Fe was in the forms of Fe3+ doping in the lattice of TiO2. The photocatalyst showed excellent catalytic activity under the visible light. Absorbtion in the visible light district was enhanced and the band edge moved to longer wavelength obviously. When the molar ratio of Fe3+:S: Ti was 0.005:1:1 , the anatase TiO2-S-Fe hydrothermally treated at 180°C for 3h exhibited the highist photocatalytic performance. Degradation rate of methyl orange was 32.5% under daylight irradiation for 2h. S/Fe co-doped rutile TiO2 was synthesized by TiCl4, FeCl3 and thiourea. Compared to TiO2, its binding energy at Ti2p3/2 raised by 2.0 eV, showed that S, Fe partly replaced the binding position of Ti4+ with oxygen. Absorbtion in visible light district was obviously strengthened and the catalyst had the strongest absorbtion (λ> 400nm). While the molar ratio of Fe3+:S:Ti was 0.025:1:1, the catalyst prepared at 180°C for 2h had the highist catalytic activity. Degradation rate of methyl orange was 70.9% under daylight irradiation for 4h. S/Zn co-doped anatase TiO2 was synthesized by Ti(SO42, ZnSO4 and thiourea .The doping concentration of Zn and pH value of initial solution affected the structure of S/Zn co-doped sample. ZnO was obtained when the molar ratio of Zn:Ti was 1; anatase TiO2 was obtained when the molar ratio of Zn:Ti was lower than 0.33 under acidic condition while unformed TiO2 was obtained under alkaline condition and ZnO was not observed. Zn2+ may dispersed uniformity on the surface of TiO2 in the forms of ZnO cluster. When the molar ratio of Zn: S: Ti was 0.16: 1:1、the pH value of initial solution was 5.01, the photocatalyst has the highest activity. Nanosized anatase ZnSO4/TiO-2 composite photocatalysts was prepared by Ti(SO42 and ZnSO4 .The crystallite between 10-20nm. Zn,S were in the forms of Zn2+,SO42-, respectively. Absorbtion in the visible light district was enhanced and the band edge moved to longer wavelength. The photocatalyst which was hydrothermally treated under 130°C for 16h had the highest activity, degradation rate of methyl orange was 37% under daylight irradiation for 120min.
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