不同种植方式下燕麦、油菜及鹰嘴豆对小麦锰营养的影响

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中国缺锰土壤面积很大,作物缺锰特别是麦类作物缺锰在全球石灰性土壤上仅次于缺铁。植物种间相互作用能够影响微量元素的吸收,进而在一定程度上改善作物的微量元素营养。基于以上理论,本研究采用盆栽试验探讨了在不同的种植方式下(间、混作和轮作),燕麦、油菜、鹰嘴豆对小麦生长及锰营养的影响。研究结果表明: 在缺锰土壤上,施用锰肥显著改善了小麦、燕麦和油菜的锰营养,鹰嘴豆受锰肥影响较小。 整体来看,在本试验条件下的小麦/燕麦种植体系中,根系分隔方式对小麦地上部生物量的影响不明显;而且,不论是混作还是轮作,燕麦对小麦锰营养的改善作用均不显著。 在本试验条件下,小麦与油菜或鹰嘴豆混作能显著改善小麦的生长及锰营养,其地上部干重及吸锰量均以根系不分隔处理显著高于根系完全分隔处理;油菜和鹰嘴豆的生长受小麦抑制,均表现为不分隔处理的地上部干重及吸锰量显著低于完全分隔。小麦/油菜种植体系的总生物量不受根系分隔方式的影响,但总吸锰量以根系不分隔处理较低;小麦/鹰嘴豆种植体系的总生物量以根系不分隔处理的最高,而总吸锰量在不同根系分隔方式间无显著差异。
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