从语用角度研究中国情景喜剧中的言语幽默

来源 :浙江大学 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:jiangchao1989
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
Humor is a phenomenon that permeates every pore of human life and all-encompassing in human communication. Studies on humor have triggered the interest of scholars from ancient philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle to recent scholars like Bergson and Freud. Most studies on humor tend to be approached from physiological, psychological and sociological perspectives.This thesis focuses on the study of humor in Chinese sitcoms. I use Chinese sitcoms as a source of data for analysis largely because of the convenience of data collection. It is also due to the fact that other forms of humorous text can hardly provide sufficient examples of verbal humor which I intend to study.The study of humor in sitcoms in this thesis is conducted from the pragmatic perspective through the employment of three influential theories in this field: the co-operative principle (CP) by H.P Grice (1975), the relevance theory (RT) by Sperber & Wilson (1986/1995), the politeness principle (PP) by Leech (1983) and face theory by Brown & Levinson(1978).Grice’s CP holds that all successful human communications comply with the cooperative principle either on the superficial or inferential level. But from the two case studies of the selected dialogues from the sitcoms, it is found that humor is generated when certain maxims under CP are violated. The issue in question is that the violation does not necessarily lead to any conversational implicature, but still renders smooth communication and the occurrence of humor.The limitations of Grice’s theory in interpreting humor could be eluded within the theoretic framework of RT. When the interlocutor is communicating in violation of the maxim of relevance, he may be still communicating something relevant. According to Sperber & Wilson, the presumption of optimal relevance is specified as "ostensive stimulus is the most relevant one compatible with the communicator’s abilities and preferences." Therefore, a seemingly irrelevant utterance may still be considered of optimal relevance if it is compatible with the communicator’s preference to be humorous.Understanding of either the explicit or implicit meaning of utterances depends a great deal on the contextual assumptions. The contextual assumptions are not confined to the immediate physical context provided by the preceding utterances, but rather determined by the general factors in one’s cognitive environment. When the newly-presented information interacts with the old information and the evolved contextual assumptions, the communicator will be able to draw his inferences. In the process, the communicator will invariably choose the contextual assumptions most relevant to his cognitive environment because human cognition tends to use the least processing effort to achieve the largest contextual effects. What the humor creator is able to do is to take advantage of this tendency and make deliberate deviation from it to elicit laughter. Though the processing involves more efforts, the contextual effects are larger and they make the source of humor.Leech’s theory of politeness throws some new light on the issue of humor interpretation. The maxims of politeness supposed to govern human behavior and ensure the equilibrium of interpersonal relationship are intentionally violated for the sake of humor generation.According to Brown & Levinson, as an attempt to avoid the threatening of the negative or positive face of an interlocutor, certain strategies are adopted. "Off-record" politeness may become another source of humor. In some contradictory cases, when "bald-on-record" face-threatening acts are performed in the stead of politeness strategies to diminish the face-threat, the humorous effect comes into being just because this kind of deliberate face-threatening is more possibly taken as a joke to get laughter.
其他文献
<正>首先我先简单介绍一下我们园区。长三角金属物流园占地面积1000多亩,总开发面积100多万平方米,净投资约50亿元。规划有信息、金融、物流三大平台。具备八大功能:金属材料
为贯彻落实《农业保险条例》和国务院有关会议精神,提高农业保险管理的信息化、规范化水平,在保监会、财政部、农业部和国家林业局的指导下,中国保险信息技术管理有限责任公司启
全球化过程中,尽管每个国家仍旧保持自身文化的独特之处,但每个国家的文化实际上也糅合进了其他的文化元素。在一个多元化的现代化发展进程中,外语/双语教育是一个隐性的发展
1751年元月,18世纪的政治思想大家卢梭发表了令人震撼的短论《论科学和文艺》(旧译《论科学与艺术》),让卢梭在一夜之间成为整个欧洲的"文化名人"。《论科学和文艺》虽然已成
语言的性别差异从上世纪七十年就已经成为众多语言学家讨论研究的热点。这些研究的重点都放在对语音,词汇,语法等语言内部结构体现出的性别差异以及在语言交际,言语行为中存在的
“省声”是许慎分析汉字形体结构的专业术语,具体是指形声字中声符的减省。其基本训释术语为“从某,某省声”或“从某,某省”。作为“六书”的补充条例之一,它在文字学研究上有着
结合笔者的实践,重点介绍了在地图集编制过程中解决的关键性技术问题,如数据的坐标转换、数据格式转换、符号替换、图幅裁切等。
随着国民经济的不断发展,内部控制变得越来越重要。本文从目前中小企业内部会计控制存在的问题入手,详细分析其产生的根源,进而提出优化中小企业内部会计控制的相关对策。
口译中的预测策略向来受到译员的普遍重视。在这篇论文中,作者从心理语言学的角度,以人类话语感知的普遍规律和著名的口译认知模型为依据,结合话语理解中人类短时记忆和长时
体育舞蹈融音乐、舞蹈于一体,是大学生最喜爱的体育项目之一。通过分析体育舞蹈教学中音乐的个性以及音乐与动作的关系来阐述音乐在体育舞蹈教学中的重要性,强调在体育舞蹈教