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This study retrospectively describes the demography, etiology, fracture characteristics, and hospital utilization of surgically treated mandibular condylar fractures in a tertiary referral hospital in urban China in past five years. Methods Data of all patients who underwent surgical management between 2011 and 2015 were collected. The data of 166 patients with 208 mandibular condylar fractures included aetiology, characteristics of fracture, time, age, sex, associated injuries, and hospital utilization. These data were statistically analyzed to describe the epidemiology of mandibular condylar fracture Results The 166 patients mostly had unilateral mandibular condylar fractures (74.7%). Male patients (76.51%) outnumbered female patients (23.49%) in this cohort with both the gender having similar average age of 37 years. The fractures were mostly caused by fall from height (60.84%) and were located at the condylar neck (53.61%). These patients presented with otherassociated maxillofacial injuries (71.08%) which were mostly located at symphysis and parasymphysis (44.59%). It took 12.58 +/- 0.35 days of hospitalization for the treatment. Fractures of neck and base were all treated by open reduction and internal fixation with titanium miniplates. Eleven cases of fracture of mandibular condylar head (21.28%) were treated with removal of fragment segment while rest were fixed with lag screws (61.7%) or titanium miniplates (17.02%) Conclusion Fall from height was the most prevalent cause of injury in mountainous urban China. The people at highest risk are middle-aged men. Mandibular condylar fracture are mostly located at the condylar neck and are usually associated with fracture at the symphysis and parasymphysis.