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目的了解易县不同地貌饮用水中碘含量及8~10岁儿童碘营养水平,探讨不同地貌区域碘盐干预后的碘营养状况,为制定碘缺乏病防制策略提供依据。方法全县划分为东西南北中5个抽样片区,按5个方位各抽取1个乡镇,在西部及北部山地各抽取1个乡镇,在南部及中部丘陵各抽取1个乡镇,在东部平原抽取1个乡镇。对山地、丘陵、平原3个地貌类型的饮用水碘含量、盐碘含量、8~10岁儿童尿碘水平及甲状腺肿大情况进行调查分析。结果易县山地、丘陵、平原饮用水碘含量均较低,盐碘含量均稍高于现行食用盐标准的盐碘含量,儿童尿碘水平均处在较适宜状态,儿童甲状腺肿大率均在国家《碘缺乏病消除标准》要求的范围内。不同地貌饮用水碘含量比较,差异有统计学意义(HC=80.37,P<0.01);盐碘含量比较,差异无统计学意义(HC=0.24,P>0.05);儿童尿碘水平比较,差异无统计学意义(HC=1.54,P>0.05);儿童甲状腺肿大率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.22,P>0.05)。结论通过补碘干预,目前易县儿童碘营养处在适宜水平。由于易县不同地貌饮用水碘含量均很低,所以为保障居民碘营养供应,今后应继续采取补碘干预为主的多种干预措施。
Objective To understand the iodine content in drinking water and the iodine nutrition of children aged 8 ~ 10 in different topography of Yi County, and to explore the iodine nutrition status after the intervention of iodized salt in different geomorphological regions, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control strategies of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods The county was divided into five sample areas in east, west, north and south. One township was extracted from each of the five orientations, one township was taken from the western and northern mountains, one township was selected from the southern and central hills, and one A township. The iodine content, salt iodine content, urinary iodine level in children aged 8-10 years and thyroid enlargement were investigated in three landscape types of mountain, hill and plain. Results The iodine content of drinking water in mountainous, hilly and plain areas of Yixian County was lower than that of salt water, and the content of iodine and iodine in salt water was slightly higher than that of the current salt standard. Urinary iodine levels in children were all in a more suitable state. The rate of children with goiter was National “Iodine deficiency disease elimination standards” within the scope of. There were significant differences in iodine content in drinking water between different topography (HC = 80.37, P <0.01); there was no significant difference in salt iodine content (HC = 0.24, P> 0.05) There was no significant difference (HC = 1.54, P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between children with goiter rate (χ2 = 0.22, P> 0.05). Conclusion Through the intervention of iodine, iodine nutrition of children in Yi County is at the appropriate level. Due to the very low iodine content of potable water in different topography in Yi County, in order to protect the supply of iodine nutrition to residents, we should continue to take various intervention measures such as iodine intervention in the future.