语言学研究中“假设”和“假说”是两个虽很基本但学界有时不甚区分的重要概念,施春宏(2015a)对此做了阐释。文章在此基础上,进一步讨论语言学理论构建过程中假说的基本论证方式,并从经验论证(证明还是支持)和理论论证(逻辑推演)两个方面阐释语言学假说的论证效度以及特设性假说存在的问题。文章还以这两个概念的不同性质为参照,分析了在理论创新和范式变化的过程中,内在批评和外在批评所发挥的不同论证作用。 In the linguistic study, “hypothesis” and “hypothesis” are two important concepts which are basic but are sometimes indistinguishable in the academic field. Shih-Hsien Hsiao (2015a) explains this. Based on this, the article further discusses the basic argumentation ways of the hypothesis in the construction of linguistic theory and expounds the validity of the hypothesis of linguistic hypothesis and the ad hoc hypothesis from two aspects of empirical proof (proof or support) and theoretical argumentation (logical deduction) The problem of sexual hypothesis. The article also refers to the different nature of these two concepts, and analyzes the different arguments played by internal criticism and external criticism in the process of theoretical innovation and paradigm change.