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股东权利虽以股东身份为基础,但取得股东身份并不当然享有完整的股东权利,如股东存在出资瑕疵,其股权应当受到限制,且这种限制具有正当性。一般来讲,比例股权与股东出资以及股东自身利益的关系较非比例股权而言要更为密切,在股东瑕疵出资的情况下,对其比例股权进行相应的限制,具有制度上的合理性、法理上的正当性与现实上的可行性。因此,对于瑕疵出资股东,其比例股权的行使应根据其瑕疵出资的实际情况而受到相应限制,原则上应按照其实缴的出资比例行使;而非比例股权则不应受到限制而均可以完整享有并行使。这仅是关于瑕疵出资股东权利限制的一般性标准的确立,但具体到各项股权可能还有其特殊性,究竟如何限制以及实现该等限制的路径如何,还需要一一展开讨论。
Although shareholders’ rights are based on the identity of the shareholders, they do not, of course, enjoy the complete rights of the shareholders. If there is a defect in the capital contribution of the shareholders, their rights and interests should be limited and the restrictions justified. In general, the relationship between proportional equity and shareholders’ contributions and the interests of shareholders is closer than that of non-proportional equity. Under the circumstance of shareholder’s defective contribution, the corresponding restrictions on the proportion of equity are institutional rationality, Jurisprudence of the legitimacy and practical feasibility. Therefore, for the defective shareholder, the proportion of its equity should be exercised according to the actual situation of its defective investment subject to restrictions, in principle, should be in accordance with the proportion of contribution actually paid; and non-proportional equity should not be limited and can be fully enjoyed And exercise. This is only about the establishment of the general criteria for the limitation of the shareholder’s rights in the case of defective contribution. However, it is still necessary to discuss the specific restrictions on how to limit these restrictions as well as the particularity of each equity.