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胆管癌是来源于胆管上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤,也是最常见的胆道恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率近些年来呈上升趋势。由于其临床表现隐匿,恶性程度高,诊断时通常已处于晚期,很多患者已经失去手术治疗机会。外科根治性切除是首选的治疗方式,但术后肿瘤复发的几率仍较大,远期效果不理想。内镜下放置胆道支架已经成为姑息治疗中的重要方法,但一直以来缺乏有效的针对肿瘤的非手术治疗手段。本文结合最近几年的国内外相关文献,总结不同材质的胆道支架特点和最新的药物洗脱支架的研究进展,同时对于在胆道支架引流基础上,开展内镜下的局部内照射、射频消融、光动力疗法治疗胆管癌的研究进展作一综述。
Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor derived from biliary epithelial cells and one of the most common biliary malignancies. The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is on the rise in recent years. Because of its clinical manifestations of hidden, high degree of malignancy, usually in advanced diagnosis, many patients have lost the chance of surgical treatment. Surgical radical resection is the preferred treatment, but the probability of recurrence after surgery is still large, the long-term effect is not satisfactory. Endoscopic placement of biliary stents has become an important palliative treatment, but there has been a lack of effective non-surgical treatment of tumors. In this paper, the recent years, relevant literature at home and abroad, summarizes the characteristics of different materials and biliary stent latest drug-eluting stent research progress, while the biliary stent drainage based on the endoscopic endoscopic irradiation, radiofrequency ablation, Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma is reviewed.