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目的为了解铁路运转值班人员不同工作时间对身体疲劳情况的影响,为铁路运输的合理倒班、合理用工提供依据。方法对胶新铁路的117名运转值班人员做了工作前后和工作不同时间的生理疲劳指标改变调查,评价其工作期间身体和生理健康水平和工作前后的疲劳情况。结果从运转值班员作业前后各项测试指标可看出,躯体因子的头沉、头痛、全身倦怠、打哈欠,精神因子的思维不集中、厌于思考问题、精神涣散、不爱动、不爱说话,神经因子的眼睛疲劳、眼发干发涩、动作不灵活、听觉迟钝,耳鸣方面差异有统计学意义,作业时间10 h疲劳情况比6和8 h的严重;疲劳测试的选择反应时、闪光融合频率、剂量作业、短期记忆等方面,错漏删字数、错误率各指标作业前后也有差异,作业10 h的疲劳情况比6和8 h的严重。结论工作时间长、工作单调和责任大是引起疲劳的主要原因,科学安排工作时间、开展健康教育和干预,是保证运转值班人员身体健康的主要手段。
Objective To understand the influence of different working hours on the fatigue of railway duty personnel on duty and provide the basis for reasonable shift and reasonable employment of railway transportation. Methods A total of 117 workers on duty in Jiaozhou-Xinyu Railway were surveyed to investigate the change of physical fatigue index before and after work and at different times of work, and to evaluate their physical and physical health level and their fatigue before and after work. Results From the test indicators before and after operation on duty, it can be seen that the headache, headache, body burnout, yawn and mental factors are not concentrated in the somatic factors. They are tired of thinking problems, Speaking, nervous factor eye fatigue, dry eyes and hair astringent, inflexible movements, hearing loss, tinnitus, the difference was statistically significant, working hours 10 h fatigue than 6 and 8 h serious; fatigue test choice reaction, Flash fusion frequency, dose work, short-term memory and so on, the number of mistakenly omitted words, the error rate of each index before and after the job there are differences, homework 10 h fatigue than 6 and 8 h serious. Conclusion Long working hours, heavy work monotony and responsibility are the main causes of fatigue. Scientifically arranging working hours, carrying out health education and interventions are the main means to ensure the health of duty duty workers.