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在八十年代,低高度地球卫星轨道的测定将根据对高高度轨道卫星进行单向的或中继的距离及距离率的测量来实现。美国航宇局的跟踪和数据中继卫星系统中的两颗地球同步卫星以及国防部的全球定位系统中周期为12小时、倾角为63度的24颗卫星就是这样的高轨道卫星。本文按分组处理和顺序处理两种方式研究了用卫星对于卫星跟踪测轨的各种误差分析方法。按照现有的多卫星误差分析程序,讨论了模拟跟踪卫星星历表误差的方法。根据所提出的方法,通过大量的误差分析和参数研究,阐明了高高度跟踪卫星和低高度被跟踪卫星轨道测定的特性、相互作用和误差。所得出的结果包括:跟踪和数据中继卫星系统与全球定位系统的性能比较;同时测定跟踪和数据中继卫星以及低高度卫星的轨道与以跟踪和数据中继卫星星历表为基础单独测定低高度卫星轨道的比较;八十年代各类卫星可能达到的测轨精度;跟踪几何图形、数据弧段长度和各种误差源的影响。
In the 1980s, the determination of LEO satellite orbits will be based on the measurement of unidirectional or relayed range and range rates for high-altitude orbiting satellites. The 24 geostationary satellites of NASA’s tracking and data relay satellite system with two geostationary satellites and the Department of Defense’s global positioning system with a period of 12 hours and a dip angle of 63 degrees are such high-orbit satellites. In this paper, packet processing and sequential processing of two ways to study the satellite for satellite tracking orbit error analysis of various methods. According to the existing multi-satellite error analysis program, a method of simulating satellite ephemeris errors is discussed. According to the proposed method, a large number of error analysis and parametric studies are conducted to clarify the characteristics, interactions and errors of the orbital measurement of highly-altitude and low-altitude satellites. The results include the following: Performance comparison of tracking and data relay satellite systems with that of the global positioning system; simultaneous determination of tracking and data relay satellites and orbits of low altitude satellites; and Separate determination based on tracking and data relay satellite ephemeris Low-altitude satellite orbit comparison; various satellites in the eighties possible tracking accuracy; tracking geometry, data arc length and various sources of error.