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为鉴定云南稻种质资源对水稻白叶枯病的抗性情况,于孕穗期采用剪叶接种方法,用水稻白叶枯病强致病型代表菌株BD8438、CN9404和X1接种云南野生稻和地方稻种质资源,以病斑长度大于6 cm为感病分界线,对其抗感表现型进行调查分析。结果显示,共鉴定出来源于云南省不同种植生态区的186份地方稻抗性材料和22个野生稻抗病居群。野生稻对水稻白叶枯病的抗病能力较地方稻强,其中疣粒野生稻的抗性最强,抗病等级为0~2;药用野生稻次之,抗病等级为1~2;普通野生稻相对较差,抗病等级为1~5。地方稻抗性资源来自于云南省各个传统水稻种植区,抗性1级的材料占17%,抗性2级的占2%,抗性3级的占81%;按照稻种质资源亚种类型、粘糯性和水旱性分类,各类型地方稻抗性材料所占比例分别为粳稻占61%、籼稻占39%;粘稻占66%、糯稻占34%;水稻占83%、陆稻占17%。从利用抗白叶枯病基因培育新品种的角度评价,这些抗性资源具有潜在的发掘利用价值。
In order to identify the resistance of rice germplasm resources to bacterial leaf blight in Yunnan Province, the method of cutting leaf inoculation at booting stage was used to inoculate Yunnan wild rice with local strains of BD8438, CN9404 and X1 Rice germplasm resources, the lesion length greater than 6 cm for the cut-off line of susceptibility phenotypic investigation and analysis. The results showed that a total of 186 local resistant materials and 22 wild rice resistant populations were identified from different planting ecotopes in Yunnan Province. The resistance of wild rice to bacterial blight of rice is stronger than that of local rice, and the resistance of wart wild rice is the strongest, with disease resistance grade 0 ~ 2; followed by medicinal wild rice, the disease resistance grade is 1 ~ 2 ; Common wild rice is relatively poor, disease resistance level of 1 to 5. The local rice-resistant resources come from all the traditional rice-growing areas in Yunnan Province, with 17% of resistant grade 1, 2% of resistant grade 2, and 81% of resistant grade 3. According to the rice germplasm resources subspecies Type, sticky waxy and water and drought classification, the proportion of all types of local rice resistant materials accounted for 61% of japonica rice, indica rice accounted for 39%; sticky rice accounted for 66%, glutinous rice accounted for 34%; rice accounted for 83% of the land Rice accounts for 17%. From the point of view of cultivating new varieties using the genes for resistance to bacterial blight, these resistant resources have potential value for exploration and utilization.