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目的了解温岭市制鞋业车间空气中混合苯浓度及对人体健康的影响。方法对8家企业接触苯作业的抓帮、清洗、开模、躺底、刷胶和刷处理剂岗位的40个监测点进行苯、甲苯和二甲苯检测,并分别计算检出率与超标(超过国家职业接触限值)率,同时对上述岗位所有接触苯作业的职工(接触组)作外周血细胞检测,并与未接触苯的健康体检人员(对照组)进行比较。结果在40个作业点中,苯检出率为32.50%,超标率为5.00%;甲苯检出率为95.00%,超标率为55.00%;二甲苯检出率为65.00%,超标率为7.50%。接触组共有1 124人进行检查,其中神经衰弱综合征421人(37.46%)、外周血细胞异常18人(1.60%);与700名对照组人群神经衰弱综合征检出率7.57%和外周血细胞异常检出率0.00%相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论温岭市制鞋企业工作场所存在苯、甲苯、二甲苯混合危害因素,对接触人群的神经系统和造血功能存在影响,要加强作业环境的危害监测及职业病健康监护。
Objective To understand the concentration of mixed benzene in the air of workshop in Wenling City and its impact on human health. Methods Benzene, toluene and xylene were detected in 40 monitoring sites of 8 enterprises that were exposed to benzene, cleaning, mold opening, laying down, brushing and brushing agents. The detection rates and the excess Exceed the national occupational exposure limit) rate. Meanwhile, peripheral blood cells were detected in all workers exposed to benzene in the above positions (contact group) and compared with those without physical exposure to benzene (control group). Results The detection rate of benzene was 32.50% and the over standard rate was 5.00%. The detection rate of toluene was 95.00% and the over standard rate was 55.00%. The detection rate of xylene was 65.00% and the over standard rate was 7.50% . A total of 1,124 patients were examined in the contact group, of which, 421 (37.46%) were neurasthenic syndromes and 18 (1.60%) were abnormal peripheral blood cells. The frequency of neurasthenic syndrome in the control group was 7.57% and the peripheral blood cells were abnormal The detection rate was 0.00%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions The workplace hazards of benzene, toluene and xylene in Wenling shoe factories may affect the nervous system and hematopoietic function of exposed people. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of work environment hazards and occupational health monitoring.