本世纪以来,先后在新疆吐鲁番、哈密、焉耆等地,出土了几种戏剧文献。这些文献或为梵语,或为焉耆语(吐火罗文A),或为回鹘文,大多是佛教宗教剧剧本。这些戏剧说明,早在内地宋元时期戏剧走向成熟繁荣之前,在隋唐甚至更早,西域地区已有繁荣的戏剧艺术。本文欲审视新疆出土戏剧文献对中国古代戏剧史研究的影响,探索西域戏剧文化在中国古代内地戏剧发展中留下的蛛丝马迹。 Since the beginning of this century, several dramatic literature has been unearthed in places such as Turpan, Hami and Yanqi in Xinjiang. These documents are either Sanskrit or Yanqi (Tocharian A), or are the 鹘 texts, mostly Buddhist scriptures. These plays show that long before the theater in the Song and Yuan Dynasties went to mature and prosperous, there was already a thriving theater art in the Sui and Tang dynasties even earlier. This article attempts to examine the influence of drama literature unearthed in Xinjiang on the study of the history of ancient Chinese drama and explore the clues left by the drama culture of the Western Regions in the development of the theater in the Mainland in ancient China.