目的总结高原红细胞增多症(Highaltitude polycthaemia,HAPC)合并缺血性肠病(ischemic bowel disease,IBD)的诊治体会。方法回顾分析2003年1月至2005年12月高原红细胞增多症合并缺血性肠病的临床资料。结果高原红细胞增多症合并缺血性肠病可累及全消化道,诊断有一定困难,常易误诊,延误病情。主要通过结肠镜及钡灌肠确诊,肠系膜血管造影可用于缺血性小肠病的早期诊断。治疗主要通过扩血管、活血化瘀及营养支持等治疗。早期诊断可明显减少该病的手术率及死亡率。结论高原红细胞增多症患者合并缺血性肠病的机会增多,是诱发缺血性肠病的危险因素,应引起临床医师的重视。 Objective To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with high altitude polyghaemia (HAPC) and ischemic bowel disease (IBD). Methods The clinical data of high altitude polycythemia with ischemic bowel disease from January 2003 to December 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results High altitude polycythemia complicated with ischemic bowel disease can affect the whole digestive tract, the diagnosis has some difficulties, often misdiagnosis, delay the disease. Mainly confirmed by colonoscopy and barium enema, mesenteric angiography can be used for early diagnosis of ischemic small bowel disease. Treatment mainly through the vasodilators, blood circulation and nutrition support and other treatment. Early diagnosis can significantly reduce the operation rate and mortality of the disease. Conclusions The patients with high altitude polycythemia are more likely to have ischemic bowel disease, which is the risk factor of ischemic bowel disease, which should be paid more attention by clinicians.