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[目的]调查分析引起阴道炎细菌性病原菌种类、病菌对抗菌药物的敏感性及感染类型,为临床对因治疗及合理用药提供实验依据。[方法]用常规细菌培养分离,对检出菌株进行API试剂条或VITEK全自动微生物鉴定仪鉴定,疑难菌株采用BD鉴定仪鉴定;药敏试验采用K-B法。[结果]从327例阴道炎患者检出细菌性病原菌19种402株,霉菌40株。革兰氏阳性菌281株,以凝固酶阴性的葡萄球菌为最多见,其次是肠球菌、链球菌、棒状杆菌;革兰氏阴性细菌121株,以大肠杆菌为多,其次是肺炎克雷伯氏菌;还检出副流感嗜血杆菌、猪红斑丹毒丝菌、溶血隐秘杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌。6种优势菌对常用抗菌药物显示不同程度的耐药。[结论]病原菌以机会致病菌为主,且呈多样性;细菌感染在阴道炎病因中占主导地位(70%);建议检测病原菌,参照药敏结果选用敏感抗菌药物治疗。
[Objective] To investigate and analyze the types of bacterial pathogens causing vaginitis, the sensitivity of bacteria to antibacterials and the type of infection, providing experimental basis for clinical treatment and rational drug use. [Method] The bacterial strains were isolated by conventional bacterial culture, identified by API reagent strips or VITEK automatic microorganism identification instrument, and identified strains were identified by BD identification instrument. K-B method was used for drug sensitivity test. [Results] 19 strains of 402 bacterial strains and 40 molds were detected from 327 vaginitis patients. Gram-positive bacteria 281 strains to coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus is the most common, followed by Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium; Gram-negative bacteria 121 strains to Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteria; also detected Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathia, hemolytic bacteria and Bacillus cereus. Six kinds of dominant bacteria showed different degrees of resistance to commonly used antibiotics. [Conclusion] Pathogenic bacteria are mainly opportunistic pathogens, and they are diverse. Bacterial infection predominates in the etiology of vaginitis (70%). It is recommended to detect pathogenic bacteria and select sensitive antimicrobial agents with reference to drug susceptibility results.