利用小麦雄性不育系培育杂种小麦,是近年来国外小麦育种工作中的一个新趋向和新途径。据报导,杂种小麦一般增产20—35%,同时表现出生长繁茂,适应性强等杂交优势。自五十年代初期日本人首先报导了获得小麦雄性不育系以后,美国、加拿大、印度、罗马尼亚、苏联等国都开展了杂种小麦的研究。目前,尽管在大面积推广中还存在一些困难和问题,但杂种小麦一旦在生产中大规模应用,将对小麦生产发生重大的影响。配制杂种小麦必须具备雄性不育系、保持系和恢复系。近年来。国外除了选育雄性 The use of wheat male sterile lines to cultivate hybrid wheat is a new trend and a new way in foreign wheat breeding in recent years. It has been reported that hybrid wheat generally increases yield by 20-35% while exhibiting hybrid vigor such as high growth and adaptability. Since the early 1950’s, when the Japanese first reported the availability of wheat male sterility lines, the United States, Canada, India, Romania, the Soviet Union and other countries conducted research on hybrid wheat. At present, although there are still some difficulties and problems in large-scale popularization, once the hybrid wheat is widely used in production, it will have a significant impact on wheat production. Hybrid wheat must be prepared with male sterile lines, maintainers and restorers. In recent years. In addition to breeding foreign male