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目的了解农村寄宿制中小学教师对学校营养工作的认识、态度,为制定改善学生营养状况的措施提供依据。方法采用方便抽样方法于2008年抽取低收入水平(人均GDP低于14000元)的5省份的5个县(市)的17所寄宿制学校,对51名中小学教师进行访谈;采用多阶段整群抽样方法于2009年对中高收入水平(人均GDP高于14000元)的8省份(直辖市)的14个县(市)54所寄宿制中小学的1479名教师进行问卷调查。结果教师认为低收入地区农村寄宿制中小学生的营养状况问题突出,影响学生的健康成长。营养教育课基本没有开展,影响学生对营养知识的学习。问卷调查发现,中高收入地区农村寄宿制中小学生对于肉、蛋、奶类等动物性食物的摄入偏少,营养不均衡,营养教育课开展状况也较差。结论农村寄宿制中小学生的营养状况存在一定问题,低收入地区更加严重。应加大对农村寄宿制学校的投入,加强营养知识的教育,为学生健康成长提供良好的条件。
Objective To understand the knowledge and attitudes of rural boarding primary and secondary school teachers in school nutrition and to provide basis for making measures to improve the nutritional status of students. Methods A total of 17 boarding schools in 5 counties (cities) of 5 provinces with low income level (per capita GDP less than 14,000 yuan) were selected by means of convenient sampling method to interview 51 primary and secondary school teachers. In 2009, the group sampling method conducted a questionnaire survey on 1479 teachers from 54 boarding schools in 14 counties (cities) of 8 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) with medium-high income level (per capita GDP above 14,000 yuan). Results Teachers believe that the nutritional status of primary and secondary boarding students in rural areas in low-income areas is outstanding, affecting the healthy growth of students. The basic nutrition education class did not carry out, affecting students’ knowledge of nutrition. The questionnaire survey found that primary and secondary boarding students in middle and high income areas had less intake of animal food such as meat, eggs and milk, malnutrition and poor nutrition education. Conclusion The nutritional status of primary and secondary boarding students in rural areas has some problems, and the low-income areas are even more serious. We should increase investment in rural boarding schools, strengthen nutrition education, and provide good conditions for the healthy growth of students.