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目的研究急性期布氏菌病患者的流行病学和临床特征。方法对我院2002至2004年收治的86例布氏菌病患者的流行病学资料、临床表现、实验室检查、治疗情况进行回顾性分析。结果51例患者有与牛、羊密切接触史,27例患者曾饮牛奶或进食涮羊肉,8例患者传播途径不明。86例患者均有发热,以低热为主,热型以不规则热55例、间歇热20例为主,乏力63例,多汗43例,关节疼痛68例,睾丸炎7例,肝肿大8例,脾肿大7例,头痛18例。合并肝损害47例;PLT减少17例。经利福平、复方磺胺甲嗯唑和第三代喹诺酮联合治疗,80例痊愈,6例复发。结论急性期布氏菌病在流行病学和临床特征发生了变化,不典型病例明显增多,症状轻,给诊断增加了难度。
Objective To study the epidemiological and clinical features of brucellosis in acute stage. Methods The epidemiological data, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and treatment of 86 cases of brucellosis admitted from 2002 to 2004 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results 51 patients had close contact with cattle and sheep, 27 patients had milk or lamb, and 8 patients had unknown pathways. All of the 86 patients had fever, with low fever, 55 with irregular fever, 20 with intermittent fever, 63 with fatigue, 43 with hyperhidrosis, 68 with joint pain, 7 with orchitis, and hepatomegaly 8 cases, 7 cases of splenomegaly, headache in 18 cases. In 47 cases with liver damage, PLT decreased in 17 cases. Rifampicin, sulfamethoxazole and the third generation of quinolone compound treatment, 80 cases recovered, 6 cases of recurrence. Conclusions The acute stage of brucellosis changes in the epidemiological and clinical features, atypical cases increased significantly, mild symptoms, to the diagnosis of increased difficulty.