如何有效地提高学生数学能力,日益成为制约边远民族地区学生能力发展的关键。问题解决能力是数学能力的核心,本文基于笔者两个学期的实地教学和调研,围绕傈僳族和傣族高中生在数学问题解决能力方面的差异,提出因材施教的建议,其中问题解决能力又被细分为问题意识、问题空间和解题方法三个维度。 How to effectively improve students ’mathematical abilities is increasingly becoming the key to restrain the development of students’ abilities in remote ethnic areas. The problem-solving ability is the core of mathematics ability. Based on the author’s two semesters of field teaching and research, focusing on the differences between Lisu and Dai high school students in their ability to solve math problems, For the problem awareness, problem space and problem solving three dimensions.