目的掌握合肥新桥机场口岸鼠类、蚊类及蝇类的本底情况,为制定有效的防治措施提供依据。方法 2014年5月-2015年4月,对合肥新桥机场口岸的鼠类使用夹夜法进行调查,鼠肺样本用于汉坦病毒核酸检测;2014年5月-10月,使用二氧化碳诱蚊灯对蚊类进行调查;2014年1月-12月,使用笼捕法对蝇类进行调查。结果共捕鼠77只,经分类鉴定隶属于2目2科4属4种,年平均鼠密度为2.60%,黑线姬鼠为优势种。捕蚊1 959只,经分类鉴定隶属于2亚科4属8种,淡色库蚊为优势蚊种,5月~7月为高峰期,蚊密度为27.21只/人工·h。捕获蝇类24 758只,经分类鉴定隶属于5科18属25种。结论应定期开展口岸媒介生物本底调查,掌握其变化规律,采取有效措施。 Objective To grasp the background of rodents, mosquitoes and flies at the port of Hefei Xinqiao Airport, so as to provide basis for making effective prevention and control measures. Methods From May 2014 to April 2015, the rats were examined by the method of occlusion night at the port of Hefei Xinqiao Airport. The rat lung samples were used for the detection of Hantaan virus nucleic acid. From May to October 2014, mosquito was induced by carbon dioxide The mosquitoes were investigated by lamp; January-December 2014, flies were screened by cage catching method. Results A total of 77 rats were caught. Four species (4 genera, 2 families, 2 orders) were identified. The annual mean density of rat was 2.60%. Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species. 1 959 mosquitoes were found. Eight species belonging to 4 genera and 2 subfamilies were identified by classification. Culex pipiens pallens were dominant mosquito species and peaked from May to July with mosquito density 27.21 / h. A total of 24 758 flies were caught, belonging to 25 families, 18 genera, and 5 species classified by classification. Conclusions The investigation of the background of media at port should be carried out on a regular basis to grasp the changing rules and take effective measures.