《俄国资本主义的发展》是列宁在经济学方面最有代表性的著作,它的翻译出版在新中国成立前后经历了两次高潮,呈现出若干传播特点;它的翻译出版从文本比较的角度拓展了马克思主义中国化的研究视野,帮助人们深化了对马克思主义中国化历史过程和演变轨迹的认识。 “The Development of Russian Capitalism” is Lenin’s most representative book in economics. Its translation and publication experienced two ups and downs before and after the founding of New China, presenting a number of communication features. Its translation and publication, from the perspective of text comparison, It expanded the research perspective of Marxism in China and helped people to deepen their understanding of the historical process and the evolution of Marxism in China.