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目的：了解ｐ５３蛋白在食管鳞癌发生中的作用。方法：应用Ａｂ－６（ＤＯ－１）单抗对１１０例手术标本的石蜡切片进行自动免疫组化染色。结果：发现６５％的食管鳞癌以及５３％的癌旁正常上皮和８４％的非典型增生－原位癌病变呈现ｐ５３蛋白过度表达。流式细胞分析显示７９％为非整倍体肿瘤，２１％的二倍体肿瘤，非整倍体肿瘤的ｐ５３阳性率（７４％）明显高于二倍体肿瘤（５０％，Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ｐ５３基因改变可能是食管鳞癌发生过程中的一个早期的生物学标记，且与肿瘤细胞增生和ＤＮＡ倍体密切相关。
Objective: To understand the role of p53 protein in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: Paraffin sections of 110 surgical specimens were autoimmunohistochemically stained with Ab-6 (DO-1) monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: Overexpression of p53 protein was found in 65% of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, along with 53% of paracancerous normal epithelium and 84% of atypical hyperplasia-in situ carcinoma lesions. Flow cytometry analysis showed that 79% were aneuploid tumors and 21% were diploid tumors. The aneuploid tumors had a significantly higher rate of p53 (74%) than diploid tumors (50%, P<0. 05). CONCLUSION: The p53 gene mutation may be an early biological marker in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and is closely related to tumor cell proliferation and DNA ploidy.