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摘要[目的]研究苗期不同抗性大豆荧光参数和叶绿素含量对大豆花叶病毒(SMV)胁迫的响应。[方法]以感SMV品种合丰25和抗SMV品系牡304为材料,以东北地区SMVⅠ号株系为毒源,测定接种SMV后苗期不同抗性大豆荧光参数及叶绿素含量的变化。[结果]与对照相比,SMV胁迫下,除Fo和qN升高外,其他荧光参数均有所降低,抗SMV品种(系)的变化幅度较小。随着胁迫时间的推移,Fm、Fm’、ΦPSII和Fv/Fm逐渐降低,Fo和qN逐渐升高,qP先降低后升高,且抗SMV品系牡304和感SMV品种合丰25分别在6 d和12 d出现最低值。受SMV胁迫后,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量的变化趋势相同,抗病品种(系)叶绿素含量的上升幅度大于感病品种(系),感病品种(系)叶绿素含量的降低率大于抗病品种(系)。[结论]苗期荧光参数以及叶绿素含量可作为鉴定大豆对SMV抗性的重要依据。
关键词 大豆;SMV胁迫;荧光动力学参数;叶绿素含量
中图分类号 S565.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2016)28-0007-04
Abstract[Objective]The aim was to study effect of SMV stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of soybean with different resistant levels at seedling stage.[Method] Hefeng25 and Mu304 were used as experiment materials,and virus source was SMVⅠ,effect of SMV stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of soybean with different resistant levels at seedling stage was studied.[Result] The result showed that compared with control,under SMV stress,fluorescence parameters declined except Fo and qN increasing,and change range of SMVresistant variety(line) was smaller.Fm,Fm’,ΦPSII and Fv/Fm declined,Fo and qN increased and qP firstly decreased and then increased with the day passing,the minimum qP value of Mu304 and Hefeng 25 respectively happened in sixth and twelfth day.Changes of chlorophyll a and b were same under SMV stress,change range of chlorophyll content resistant variety(line)>susceptible variety(line),reduction rate of chlorophyll content resistant variety(line)>susceptible variety(line).[Conclusion] Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content at seedling stage can be used as important basis for identifying SMV resistance of soybean.
Key words Soybean; SMV stress; Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters; Chlorophyll content
大豆花叶病毒(Soybean mosaic virus,SMV)病是影响世界大豆生产的主要病害之一,也是目前我国东北、黄淮海、长江流域和南方大豆产区最重要的大豆病害之一。大豆花叶病毒隶属马铃薯Y病毒科(Potyviridae)Y病毒属(Potyvirus)大豆花叶病毒种。SMV在大豆植株上表现的症状非常复杂,有多种类型,主要与大豆品种、毒株类型、环境条件有关,也受播期和传播介体的影响。SMV侵染大豆后会导致大豆叶片中叶绿素含量和叶质下降,叶面积减小,影响光合面积和光合能力,植株矮小,生长量下降,单株荚数减少,降低种子百粒重、萌发率、蛋白质含量和含油量,并影响脂肪酸、蛋白质、微量元素及游离氨基酸组分等,最终严重影响大豆产量[1]。感染SMV后的大豆病株籽粒会出现褐斑,严重时病粒率达50%以上[2],当与菜豆荚斑驳病毒(BPMV)复合侵染大豆时出现斑驳的种子比例高达96%[3],严重影响籽粒的外观品质和商品价值。SMV在大豆分枝期至开花期为发病高峰,鼓粒期叶部症状开始潜隐,因此前人研究发现感染SMV后大豆的生理指标变化多从始花期到鼓粒期。在发病初期,大豆植株并无明显症状,对这一时期大豆在SMV胁迫下的生理指标变化鲜见报道。笔者研究了大豆真叶期接种SMV后15 d内叶绿素含量和荧光参数的变化规律,并比较了抗病品种和感病品种在此期间叶绿素含量及荧光参数的差异,旨在为揭示SMV胁迫对不同抗性大豆苗期光合作用的影响以及大豆对SMV的抗性生理机制提供理论依据。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
选用黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院选育的大豆新品系“牡304”作为抗病材料,该品种以黑农48为母本、以合丰47为父本通过有性杂交获得,2011—2012年的病毒病抗病性鉴定中均表现为抗病;以合丰25为感病材料。供试毒源采用东北地区SMV 1号株系,由黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所提供。
关键词 大豆;SMV胁迫;荧光动力学参数;叶绿素含量
中图分类号 S565.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2016)28-0007-04
Abstract[Objective]The aim was to study effect of SMV stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of soybean with different resistant levels at seedling stage.[Method] Hefeng25 and Mu304 were used as experiment materials,and virus source was SMVⅠ,effect of SMV stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of soybean with different resistant levels at seedling stage was studied.[Result] The result showed that compared with control,under SMV stress,fluorescence parameters declined except Fo and qN increasing,and change range of SMVresistant variety(line) was smaller.Fm,Fm’,ΦPSII and Fv/Fm declined,Fo and qN increased and qP firstly decreased and then increased with the day passing,the minimum qP value of Mu304 and Hefeng 25 respectively happened in sixth and twelfth day.Changes of chlorophyll a and b were same under SMV stress,change range of chlorophyll content resistant variety(line)>susceptible variety(line),reduction rate of chlorophyll content resistant variety(line)>susceptible variety(line).[Conclusion] Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content at seedling stage can be used as important basis for identifying SMV resistance of soybean.
Key words Soybean; SMV stress; Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters; Chlorophyll content
大豆花叶病毒(Soybean mosaic virus,SMV)病是影响世界大豆生产的主要病害之一,也是目前我国东北、黄淮海、长江流域和南方大豆产区最重要的大豆病害之一。大豆花叶病毒隶属马铃薯Y病毒科(Potyviridae)Y病毒属(Potyvirus)大豆花叶病毒种。SMV在大豆植株上表现的症状非常复杂,有多种类型,主要与大豆品种、毒株类型、环境条件有关,也受播期和传播介体的影响。SMV侵染大豆后会导致大豆叶片中叶绿素含量和叶质下降,叶面积减小,影响光合面积和光合能力,植株矮小,生长量下降,单株荚数减少,降低种子百粒重、萌发率、蛋白质含量和含油量,并影响脂肪酸、蛋白质、微量元素及游离氨基酸组分等,最终严重影响大豆产量[1]。感染SMV后的大豆病株籽粒会出现褐斑,严重时病粒率达50%以上[2],当与菜豆荚斑驳病毒(BPMV)复合侵染大豆时出现斑驳的种子比例高达96%[3],严重影响籽粒的外观品质和商品价值。SMV在大豆分枝期至开花期为发病高峰,鼓粒期叶部症状开始潜隐,因此前人研究发现感染SMV后大豆的生理指标变化多从始花期到鼓粒期。在发病初期,大豆植株并无明显症状,对这一时期大豆在SMV胁迫下的生理指标变化鲜见报道。笔者研究了大豆真叶期接种SMV后15 d内叶绿素含量和荧光参数的变化规律,并比较了抗病品种和感病品种在此期间叶绿素含量及荧光参数的差异,旨在为揭示SMV胁迫对不同抗性大豆苗期光合作用的影响以及大豆对SMV的抗性生理机制提供理论依据。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
选用黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院选育的大豆新品系“牡304”作为抗病材料,该品种以黑农48为母本、以合丰47为父本通过有性杂交获得,2011—2012年的病毒病抗病性鉴定中均表现为抗病;以合丰25为感病材料。供试毒源采用东北地区SMV 1号株系,由黑龙江省农业科学院大豆研究所提供。