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冠词(Articles)是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种。
1.不定冠词指a或an，a用在辅音之前，如a road, a boy；an用在元音之前，如an old man, an hour等。不定冠词的常用方法有：
1）用于可数名词的单数形式前，指人或事物的某一种类。例如：
（1）He was an American writer.
（2）It seems to be an interesting book.
2）指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如：
（1）A boy is waiting for you.
（2）We work five days a week.
3）表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。如：
（1）We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow.
（2）Here’s a book for you.
4)表示某类事物中的任何一个。如：
(1) An elephant is bigger than a horse.
(2) A monkey can climb trees.
5)有些不可数名词要表示“一种”、“一场”、“一堆”时，须加不定冠词。如：
A heavy snow,a strong wind,make a fire等。
6) 不定冠词和其它一些词还可以构成固定短语，如：half an hour, have a rest, a little, a lot of, a moment ago等。
2.the是定冠词，在辅音前读[?奁?藿]，在元音前读[?奁ｉ]。常用用法如下：
1）特指某(些)人或物。如：
（1）Show me the photo of the boy.
（2）The book on the desk is mine.
2）指双方都知道的人或物。如：
（1）Where are the new books, Jim?
（2）They are on the small table.
3）指上文提过的人或物。如：
This is a new book. The book is written by Bill Gates.
4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun，the moon，the earth等。
5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如：
（1）Let’s go to the first island.
（2）Who is the better, Lucy or Ann?
6)乐器名词前用定冠词the。如：
play the piano,play the violin等。
7)在复数姓氏前加the，表示某某一家人，常看成复数。如：
The Browns (=The Brown family) are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.
8)在一些形容词前加the，表示一类人。如：the rich , the poor, the blind等。
9）用在一些专有名词前。如：the Great Wall,the Women’s Hospital等。
10）用在一些习语中，如：in the morning (afternoon, evening) , on the left (right), all the same, by the way等。
3. 不用冠词的情况。
1) 在节日、星期、月份、季节、年、学科等词前不用冠词。如：in summer, in August,on Sunday等。
注：但如果节日、月份、星期前、后有修饰语时，它们前得加定冠词。如：
(1)He came back in the winter of 2002.
(2)They arrived here on the hottest Sunday.
2）一些专有名词、不可数名词、称呼和职务(头衔)前不用冠词。如：China ,Grade Two, father, professor, manager , Mr Li , Dr Liu等。
3) 表示颜色、语种和国家前不用冠词。如：in purple,Japanese , Britain等。
4)在三餐、学科及球类名词之前不用冠词。如：
(1) I like maths.
(2)Did you have breakfast?
(3)Are you good at playing football?
练一练
在需要的地方填上适当的冠词：
1. We know ____earth goes round _____ sun.
2. Do you know ____ girl beside the computer?
3. This is ______ her dress. ____ dress is very beautiful.
4. There are sixty minutes in ____ hour.
5. Mr Wang is ____ English teacher. We like her.
6.Lucy and Lily are twins. They look ___ same. Many of us can’t tell one from ___ other.
7. “Excuse me, where is _____ nearest post office?” “Oh, it’s on ____ other side of _____ street.
8.My father bought me ____useful book. I like ____ book very much.
Keys:1.the, the 2.the 3./, The 4.an 5.an 6.the, the 7.the, the ,the 8.a, the
1.不定冠词指a或an，a用在辅音之前，如a road, a boy；an用在元音之前，如an old man, an hour等。不定冠词的常用方法有：
1）用于可数名词的单数形式前，指人或事物的某一种类。例如：
（1）He was an American writer.
（2）It seems to be an interesting book.
2）指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如：
（1）A boy is waiting for you.
（2）We work five days a week.
3）表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。如：
（1）We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow.
（2）Here’s a book for you.
4)表示某类事物中的任何一个。如：
(1) An elephant is bigger than a horse.
(2) A monkey can climb trees.
5)有些不可数名词要表示“一种”、“一场”、“一堆”时，须加不定冠词。如：
A heavy snow,a strong wind,make a fire等。
6) 不定冠词和其它一些词还可以构成固定短语，如：half an hour, have a rest, a little, a lot of, a moment ago等。
2.the是定冠词，在辅音前读[?奁?藿]，在元音前读[?奁ｉ]。常用用法如下：
1）特指某(些)人或物。如：
（1）Show me the photo of the boy.
（2）The book on the desk is mine.
2）指双方都知道的人或物。如：
（1）Where are the new books, Jim?
（2）They are on the small table.
3）指上文提过的人或物。如：
This is a new book. The book is written by Bill Gates.
4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun，the moon，the earth等。
5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如：
（1）Let’s go to the first island.
（2）Who is the better, Lucy or Ann?
6)乐器名词前用定冠词the。如：
play the piano,play the violin等。
7)在复数姓氏前加the，表示某某一家人，常看成复数。如：
The Browns (=The Brown family) are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.
8)在一些形容词前加the，表示一类人。如：the rich , the poor, the blind等。
9）用在一些专有名词前。如：the Great Wall,the Women’s Hospital等。
10）用在一些习语中，如：in the morning (afternoon, evening) , on the left (right), all the same, by the way等。
3. 不用冠词的情况。
1) 在节日、星期、月份、季节、年、学科等词前不用冠词。如：in summer, in August,on Sunday等。
注：但如果节日、月份、星期前、后有修饰语时，它们前得加定冠词。如：
(1)He came back in the winter of 2002.
(2)They arrived here on the hottest Sunday.
2）一些专有名词、不可数名词、称呼和职务(头衔)前不用冠词。如：China ,Grade Two, father, professor, manager , Mr Li , Dr Liu等。
3) 表示颜色、语种和国家前不用冠词。如：in purple,Japanese , Britain等。
4)在三餐、学科及球类名词之前不用冠词。如：
(1) I like maths.
(2)Did you have breakfast?
(3)Are you good at playing football?
练一练
在需要的地方填上适当的冠词：
1. We know ____earth goes round _____ sun.
2. Do you know ____ girl beside the computer?
3. This is ______ her dress. ____ dress is very beautiful.
4. There are sixty minutes in ____ hour.
5. Mr Wang is ____ English teacher. We like her.
6.Lucy and Lily are twins. They look ___ same. Many of us can’t tell one from ___ other.
7. “Excuse me, where is _____ nearest post office?” “Oh, it’s on ____ other side of _____ street.
8.My father bought me ____useful book. I like ____ book very much.
Keys:1.the, the 2.the 3./, The 4.an 5.an 6.the, the 7.the, the ,the 8.a, the