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人的素质由人的本质所决定。人的本质是人区别于非人的质的规定性;人的素质则是人区别于人的、体现人的本质的性能与水准。费尔巴哈对人的本质进行科学抽象无可非议。把人的本质理解为“一切社会关系的总和”,不符合马克思的原意。人的素质受社会生产力发展水平的规定和制约,它对社会的发展又具有能动的反作用。人的思想道德素质在阶级社会中是有阶级性的。提高人的素质是社会主义精神文明建设的根本任务。要实现这一任务,应在五个方面进行努力。
The quality of people is determined by the nature of people. Human nature is different from non-human quality regulation; human quality is different from people, reflecting the nature of human performance and standards. Feuerbach’s scientific abstraction of the nature of man is beyond reproach. Comprehending the essence of man as “the sum of all social relations” does not conform to Marx’s original intention. The quality of human beings is regulated and restricted by the level of development of social productive forces, and it also has an active reaction to the development of society. People’s ideological and moral qualities in class society is a class. Improving people’s quality is the fundamental task of the construction of socialist spiritual civilization. To accomplish this task, efforts should be made in five aspects.