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多种环境因素影响病原菌的致病性和寄主的抗病性,从而对抗病性鉴定和筛选的准确性产生影响。苗期人工接种温度超过28℃,保湿时间少于6h,接种时连续光照等都影响菜豆锈病菌的萌发和侵入。接种浓度过低(<10~3个孢子/ml)或过高(>10~5个孢子/ml)、接种的苗龄过大(超过叶片展平期)及接种的不同部位(叶正、背面)也都对菜豆的抗性表现产生严重影响。菜豆锈病菌虽为专性寄生菌,但其保存方式简单(夏孢子保存于4℃冰箱内),且可较长时间保存(至少9个月)。作者根据这些影响因素提出了菜豆苗期抗锈性鉴定方法,并对我国260份菜豆种质资源进行了抗锈性筛选。结果表明,我国菜豆种质资源的抗锈性类型丰富,这一结果为菜豆的生产和抗病育种研究提供了可利用的品种或材料。
A variety of environmental factors affect the pathogenicity of the pathogen and the host’s disease resistance, which affects the accuracy of the disease identification and screening. Seedling artificial inoculation temperature exceeds 28 ℃, moisturizing time less than 6h, continuous light at the time of inoculation affect the germination and invasion of bean rust. Inoculation of the seedling age is too large (more than leaf flattening) and the different parts of the vaccination (Yezheng, Back) also have a serious impact on the performance of kidney beans. Although it is a obligate parasitism, bean curd rust is stored in a simple way (stored at 4 ℃ in the refrigerator) and stored for a long time (at least 9 months). Based on these influencing factors, the author put forward the identification method of rust resistance of bean seedling, and screened the resistance of 260 bean germplasm resources in our country. The results showed that the germplasm resources of Chinese bean germplasm were rich in rust resistance, which provided varieties or materials for the study of bean production and disease resistance breeding.