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矿产资源开发会对周围的水系和土壤产生不同程度的重金属污染。以某铜矿为例,实地采集水系和土壤样品,获取Cu的含量,结合GIS和遥感技术提取矿区高程、坡度、与矿点欧氏距离、汇流量等环境因子,并分析这些因素与Cu元素含量的分布规律:水系有降解作用,水系中Cu元素更容易富集在离采矿点距离较近、地势较高、地形较为陡峭、汇流量较小的水系上游。土壤中Cu元素更容易富集在地势较低、地形较为缓和的水系下游沿岸。总结出金属元素的分布规律及迁移规律,为同类型污染分布研究提供借鉴,使得采集研究数据更具针对性,同时为矿产资源合理开发利用提供决策依据。
Mineral resources development will have different degrees of heavy metal pollution on the surrounding water system and soil. Taking a copper mine as an example, the water and soil samples were collected on the spot to get the content of Cu. Combined with GIS and remote sensing technology, environmental factors such as elevation, slope, Euclidean distance to the mine site and confluence were extracted and analyzed. The distribution of the content: the water system has the degradation effect, the Cu element in the water system is more likely to be enriched in the water from the mining point closer, higher terrain, the steep terrain, the confluence of small streams upstream. Cu elements in soil are more likely to be enriched in the lower reaches of the terrain, the more moderate terrain of the coast along the water. Summed up the distribution of metal elements and migration rules for the same type of pollution to provide reference for the study so that the collection of research data more targeted at the same time for the rational development and utilization of mineral resources to provide a basis for decision making.