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急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,AML)是异质性造血干细胞恶性克隆性疾病,主要表现为外周血、骨髓以及其他组织中的原始细胞克隆性扩增。近年来,AML发病率呈逐年增加的趋势,对人类健康产生巨大的威胁。在不同种族及不同性别中,AML发病率及死亡率存在显著差异。AML是一种复杂疾病,与遗传突变及异常表观遗传修饰密切相关。DNA甲基化是重要的表观遗传修饰,AML相关基因的异常DNA甲基化修饰对疾病的发生发展极其重要。该文对AML相关基因的异常甲基化修饰进行了系统的作用机制分析,并对重要基因进行了功能分类。该文总结的具有异常DNA甲基化修饰的基因,有望辅助预测AML的治疗及预后效果,并为设计个体化AML治疗方案提供全新的思路。
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hereditary hematopoietic stem cell malignant clonal disease characterized mainly by clonal expansion of primed cells in peripheral blood, bone marrow and other tissues. In recent years, the incidence of AML has been increasing year by year, posing a huge threat to human health. There are significant differences in the incidence and mortality of AML among different races and genders. AML is a complex disease that is closely related to genetic mutations and abnormal epigenetic modifications. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification, and aberrant DNA methylation modification of AML-related genes is extremely important for the development of the disease. This paper systematically analyzes the abnormal methylation of AML-related genes and classifies the important genes. This paper summarizes the abnormal DNA methylation modified genes, is expected to help predict the treatment of AML and prognosis, and to provide a new idea for the design of individual AML treatment options.