比较利益学说自英国古典经济学到现代西方经济学不断地充实与发展,一直是西方国际贸易理论的核心内容。在旧的分工体系中,不同比较利益模式具有不同含义,发展中国家如何发挥比较优势,如何取得经济的长远发展,日益成为引人注目的问题。本文认为,发展中国家在选择经济发展战略时,必须依据比较利益原则,立足国情,积极参与国际分工和国际竞争,尽快实现产业结构与贸易结构的高级化,才 The theory of comparative advantage From the classical economics in Great Britain to the continuous enrichment and development of modern western economics, it has always been the core content of western international trade theory. In the old division of labor system, different modes of comparative benefits have different meanings. How developing countries can play their comparative advantages and how to achieve long-term economic development have increasingly become the focus of attention. This paper argues that developing countries must take an active part in the international division of labor and international competition based on the principle of comparative advantage and in accordance with the principle of comparative advantage when choosing an economic development strategy so as to achieve the higher level of industrial structure and trade structure as soon as possible