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一、前言撞击是不同速度的两个以上物体之间的碰撞。撞击动力学或终点弹道学的研究,历史久远,在一般武器发展中的重要地位是非常明显的。自第二次世界大战以来,随着装甲与反装甲技术的发展,这一研究工作一直十分活跃。从六十年代初开始,随着导弹与航天工程的发展,在导弹数据硬回收、弹头撞地引爆、自然或人造流星对弹头和航天器的撞击、穿地弹技术、航天飞机着陆等方面,提出了许多课题。它们迅速而大量地充实了撞击动力学,并且占有非常突出和重要的位置。本文概述这方面课题的研究背景,从结构动力学的特点,阐明它在导弹和航天工程中的研究内容和发展途径。
First, the preamble Impact is the collision between two or more objects of different speeds. The study of impact dynamics or end-point trajectory has a long history and is very significant in the development of general weapons. Since the Second World War, with the development of armor and anti-armor technology, this research has been very active. Since the early 1960s, with the development of missiles and aerospace engineering, with the hard data recovery of missiles, the detonation of bullets, the impact of natural or man-made meteors on warheads and spacecraft, the penetration of land-based bombs and the landing of space shuttles, Many questions have been raised. They rapidly and massively influ- ence impact kinetics and occupy a very prominent and important place. This paper summarizes the research background of this topic, and from the characteristics of structural dynamics, clarifies its research contents and development approaches in missile and aerospace engineering.