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目的观察急性高原缺氧大鼠交感神经节内交感神经元细胞超微结构及酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)表达的变化,为探讨TH在高原高血压病发生发展中的作用提供依据。方法 WKY大鼠随机分为平原对照组(C)、缺氧1d组(H1)、缺氧3d组(H3)、缺氧7d组(H7)4组。应用电镜技术,观察低氧环境下交感神经节内交感神经元细胞超微结构的变化;应用qPCR和Western blot法,研究大鼠交感神经节内TH表达的变化。结果与同周龄的C组大鼠相比较,缺氧组大鼠血压明显升高(P<0.05);qPCR和Western blot结果显示:与同周龄的C组大鼠相比,H1组、H3组大鼠交感神经节内TH表达降低,H7组大鼠TH表达增高(P<0.05);电镜结果显示:高原低氧环境下交感神经细胞的形态、细胞器的数量和结构均有改变。结论急性高原低氧对大鼠交感神经节内交感神经元细胞形态结构存在一定影响,并影响TH表达的变化,从而影响高血压的形成。
Objective To observe the changes of the ultrastructure and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the sympathetic ganglion neurons in the rat model of acute high altitude hypoxia, and to provide evidence for the role of TH in the pathogenesis and development of high altitude hypertension. Methods WKY rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (C), hypoxia group (H1), hypoxia group (H3) and hypoxia group (H7). The changes of ultrastructure of sympathetic neurons in sympathetic ganglia under hypoxia were observed by electron microscopy. The changes of TH expression in sympathetic ganglia were detected by qPCR and Western blot. Results Compared with those in the same age group, the blood pressure in hypoxia group was significantly increased (P <0.05). The results of qPCR and Western blot showed that compared with the same age group in C group, The TH expression in sympathetic ganglia of rats in group H3 was decreased, and the expression of TH was increased in rats in group H7 (P <0.05). The electron microscopy results showed that the morphology and the number and structure of sympathetic neurons changed under high altitude hypoxia. Conclusion Acute high altitude hypoxia may affect the morphology and structure of sympathetic neurons in the sympathetic ganglia and affect the expression of TH, thus affecting the formation of hypertension.