一、传统学说:门静脉回流障碍及门脉压力逐渐升高,静水压随之上升;肝功能障碍引起血浆白蛋白减少,导致血浆胶体渗透压下降。根据Starling氏定律,毛细血管内体液外漏增加而回收减少,再加之窦后梗阻,肝脏淋巴液形成增加,从而发生腹水。由于血液容积的缩减,激发代偿机制,抗利尿激素及醛固酮分泌增加,引起水钠贮留,这又进一步增加腹水,导致恶性循环。二、对传统学说的争议与分歧:肝硬化腹水的发生机制十分复杂,并不能用上述的简单公式予以概括。许多作者对传统学说提出不少 First, the traditional doctrine: Portal venous reflux and portal pressure gradually increased hydrostatic pressure rise; liver dysfunction caused by decreased plasma albumin, resulting in decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure. According to Starling’s law, the increase in capillary leakage of fluid leakage and reduce recovery, combined with sinus obstruction, the formation of increased liver lymph, resulting in ascites. Due to the reduction of blood volume, excitation compensatory mechanism, increased secretion of anti-diuretic hormone and aldosterone, causing sodium and water storage, which further increases ascites, leading to a vicious cycle. Second, the traditional doctrine of controversy and disagreement: cirrhosis of the mechanism of ascites is very complicated and can not be summarized by the above simple formula. Many authors put forward many traditional theories