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塔里木盆地海相油气勘探潜力巨大,近几年来展现出喜人的勘探局面。叠合盆地碳酸盐岩油气成藏的复杂性和改造作用,给油气成藏研究提出了严峻挑战。目前,在油气的来源、油气藏形成时期和过程方面存在一定争议。为了适应目前的勘探形势,让油气成藏研究成果能够更加有效地指导勘探与生产实践,2009年7月在甘肃省兰州市召开了“中国西部典型叠合盆地复杂油气藏形成改造再聚集机制”学术研讨会,专门针对塔里木盆地油气成藏的研究现状及存在的问题开展了深入讨论,并取得了如下共识:①正确认识油气来源对于资源评价非常重要,塔里木盆地海相油气主要来源于寒武系和奥陶系2套烃源岩,油气“混源”现象突出,中上奥陶统烃源岩贡献比例较大;②油气成藏时期总体与重大构造变革期相对应,晚加里东期是寒武系大量生排烃期,早海西期由于抬升暴露油藏破坏而形成志留系沥青;晚海西期是奥陶系油藏的重要充注成藏期;天然气主要在晚喜马拉雅期注入;③动态研究油气成藏过程,必须恢复重要成藏期的古构造,并考虑历史时期的地质事件可能对油气成藏有着重要影响,应选准几个典型油气藏进行精细解剖,然后从整体上总结油气区域分布规律。
Tarim Basin marine oil and gas exploration huge potential, in recent years to show a gratifying prospecting situation. The complexity and reformation of hydrocarbon accumulation in superimposed basins have posed a serious challenge to hydrocarbon accumulation. At present, there is some controversy over the sources of oil and gas, the formation period and process of oil and gas reservoirs. In order to adapt to the current exploration situation and make the achievements of hydrocarbon accumulation research guide the exploration and production practice more effectively, in July 2009, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province held “the formation and re-aggregation mechanism of complex reservoirs in the typical superimposed basins of western China. ”Symposium, specifically for Tarim Basin hydrocarbon accumulation research status and existing problems in-depth discussion and reached the following consensus: ① Correct understanding of the source of oil and gas resources evaluation is very important, the Tarim Basin marine oil and gas mainly from Cambrian and Ordovician two sets of source rocks, hydrocarbon “mixed source” phenomenon prominent, the Upper Ordovician source rock contribution ratio is larger; ② hydrocarbon accumulation period generally corresponds with the major structural changes, Late Caledonian was a large Cambrian hydrocarbon generation period. Early Early Hercynian formed Silurian bitumen as a result of uplift and exposure of the oil reservoir. Late Hercynian was an important filling-up period of Ordovician reservoirs. Natural gas Mainly in the late Himalayan period; ③Dynamic study of hydrocarbon accumulation process, it is necessary to restore the paleo-tectonics during the important hydrocarbon accumulation period. Considering the geological events in the historical period may have an important influence on hydrocarbon accumulation, Several typical reservoirs are finely dissected, and then the distribution of oil and gas regions is summarized.