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目的了解遗传因素对儿童双生子心理健康状况的影响并筛查亚临床精神症状和心理障碍的比例。方法以教委-学校途径为主募集6～16岁的共同生活的儿童双生子。签写知情同意书后利用长处和困难问卷(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,SDQ)对重庆市64对6～16岁的双生子其及父母、教师开展双生子心理健康状况的调查。采取双生子的颊粘膜标本以提取DNA并进行卵型鉴定。结果SDQ的情绪症状、注意缺陷和多动、同伴问题和症状产生的影响,计算机诊断4种结果中任何精神疾病障碍、情绪障碍、对立违抗/品行障碍、注意缺陷-多动/多动障碍,同卵双生(MZ)组双生子对内相关系数有统计学意义或相关系数大于异卵双生(DZ)组。SDQ计算机诊断筛查出双生子中存在任何精神疾病障碍的个体占37.6%,存在情绪障碍的个体占5.5%,存在对立违抗/品行障碍的个体占29.7%,存在注意缺陷-多动/多动障碍的个体占14.8%。结论在影响儿童双生子的心理卫生状况的因素中,遗传起重要作用,较大比例的儿童存在亚临床的精神症状和心理障碍,儿童的心理发育和心理健康状况应引起更多关注。
Objective To understand the influence of genetic factors on the mental health of twins and screen the proportion of subclinical mental symptoms and mental disorders. Methods To raise the twins of children living together from 6 to 16 years with the educational commission - school approach. Sixty-six pairs of twins aged 6-16 years old, their parents and teachers in Chongqing were surveyed by using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) after their informed consent was signed. Twin samples of buccal mucosa were taken for DNA extraction and egg identification. Results The emotional symptoms, attention deficit and hyperactivity, peer problems and symptoms in the SDQ were diagnosed by computerized diagnosis of any of the four types of psychiatric disorders, mood disorders, adversarial defenses / conduct disorders, attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder, Identical twins (MZ) twin twin correlation coefficient was statistically significant or correlation coefficient greater than fraternal twins (DZ) group. SDQ computerized screening revealed 37.6% of individuals with any mental disorder in twins, 5.5% of individuals with mood disorders, 29.7% of individuals with contradictory defenses / conduct disorders, and attention deficit hyperactivity / hyperactivity disorder Individuals with disabilities accounted for 14.8%. Conclusions Genetic factors play an important role in influencing the mental health status of twin children. A large proportion of children have subclinical psychiatric symptoms and psychological disorders. Psychological development and mental health status of children should be given more attention.