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利用“实践八号”返回式育种卫星搭载野生羊草种子,研究了卫星搭载羊草SP1生育期、株高、叶长等形态学特征的变化和SP2突变类型、突变率和主要突变性状等,探讨卫星搭载羊草的诱变效应及主要性状变异特性,以期为我国羊草航天育种研究提供理论依据。结果表明,卫星搭载对羊草SP1生育期、株高和叶片长度影响不大,而叶片宽度、结实率、穗长和千粒重明显高于对照(P<0.05)。羊草SP2出现多种性状变异,包括株高、熟期、结实率、发芽率、粗蛋白含量等性状。个别单株聚合了多个优良性状的变异,可作为今后育种重要材料。
In this study, we studied the changes of morphological characteristics such as growth period, plant height, leaf length and the type of SP2 mutation, mutation rate and major mutation traits Et al. The mutagenic effect and variation characteristics of the main traits of satellite on Leymus chinensis were discussed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the research on space shuttle breeding of Leymus chinensis. The results showed that satellite loading had little effect on the growth, plant height and leaf length of Leymus chinensis SP1, while leaf width, seed setting rate, spike length and 1000-grain weight were significantly higher than those of the control (P <0.05). Leymus chinensis SP2 appeared a variety of traits variation, including plant height, maturity, seed setting rate, germination rate, crude protein content and other traits. Some single plant aggregates a number of excellent traits of variation, can be used as an important breeding material.