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20世纪中国杂文理论的变迁,可以划分为四个阶段:一是鲁迅时期,鲁迅不仅赋予杂文以战斗性,而且赋予杂文以社会学、历史学与民族心理学的重要价值;二是40年代,为杂文的衰落时期;三是50年代,杂文比较冷寂,并引发争论;四是新时期,关于杂文的讨论实际是40年代就开始的关于鲁迅式杂文是否过时争论的继续,提出了“新基调杂文”的概念。从40年代到60年代,杂文命运多舛,多次在与政治的短兵相接中一败涂地,“新基调杂文”实际是杂文领域中一股向着政治叛降思潮的体现。
The 20th century Chinese essay theory changes can be divided into four stages: First, Lu Xun period, Lu Xun not only gives the essay to fight, but also gives the essay to sociology, history and ethnology of the important value of psychology; the second is the 40’s, The fourth is the new era, the discussion of essays is actually the beginning of the 40’s on the Luxun-style essay is outdated controversy continued the debate, put forward a “new tone Essay ”concept. From the 1940s to the 1960s, the essays were extremely fateful and were repeatedly defeated in their connection to the political short-cuts. The “new keynote essay” was actually an embodiment of the political renegade trend in the field of essays.