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一、历史背景与概念 1980年代以来,由于医学、生物学、免疫学的进展,肿瘤的免疫疗法(IT)正处于新的发展时期。这些进展包括:①抑制细胞机制的发现及其药理调节;②对胸腺激素及其免疫生物学作用的了解,从免疫恢复(Immuno-restoration)发展为免疫调节(Immuno-modulation)概念;③作为对抗病毒攻击的细胞产物干扰素(第一个天然的宿主防御性分子)既有抑瘤效应又是NK活性的诱导剂,从而开辟了细胞因子(Cytokine)治疗的整个新领域;特别是④通过DNA重组术已在大量
I. Historical Background and Concepts Since the 1980s, thanks to advances in medicine, biology, and immunology, tumor immunotherapy (IT) is in a new stage of development. These advances include: 1 the discovery of cytostatic mechanisms and their pharmacological regulation; 2 an understanding of thymohormones and their immunobiological effects, from immuno-restoration to immunomodulation; 3 as countermeasures. The virally challenged cellular product, interferon (the first natural host defensive molecule), has both an inhibitory effect and an inducer of NK activity, thus opening up a whole new field of Cytokine therapy; in particular, 4 through DNA. Reorganization has been in large quantities