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目的分析安阳市流行性腮腺炎疫情特征,为预防和控制流行性腮腺炎提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对安阳市2005~2013年疾病监测系统报告的流行性腮腺炎疫情进行分析,并采用Excel 2003和SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2005~2013年安阳市共报告流行性腮腺炎病例12 493例,年均报告发病率为26.03/10万,各年发病率分别为24.69/10万、22.67/10万、27.34/10万、37.91/10万、15.03/10万、19.59/10万、35.81/10万、27.27/10万、24.44/10万(P<0.01),2008和2011年为两个高发年份,发病率分别为37.91/10万(2 030/5 355 013)和35.81/10万(1 855/5 180 326)。高发年龄为3~14岁,报告病例10 909例(87.32%);春末夏初和冬季发病高峰明显,发病例数分别为5 726和4 736例;性别比为1.67∶1,男性高于女性(P<0.01);学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童为高发人群,发病数为11 651例,占报告病例(12 493例)的93.26%。结论近年来流行性腮腺炎已成为影响安阳市青少年儿童健康和正常教学秩序的公共卫生问题,需要有针对性地开展学校、幼托机构等重点场所流行性腮腺炎疫情监测和防治工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of mumps in Anyang and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mumps. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation of mumps reported by the disease surveillance system in Anyang from 2005 to 2013 and the statistical analysis was made by Excel 2003 and SPSS 13.0 software. Results A total of 12 493 mumps cases were reported in Anyang from 2005 to 2013, with an average annual incidence rate of 26.03 / 100 000. The incidence rates in each year were 24.69 / 100 000, 22.67 / 100 000 and 27.34 / 100 000 respectively, 37.91 / 100000, 15.03 / 100000, 19.59 / 100000, 35.81 / 100000, 27.27 / 100000, 24.44 / 100000 (P <0.01) respectively. The incidence rates in 2008 and 2011 were two high incidence years with the incidence rates of 37.91 / 100,000 (2,030/5,355,013) and 35.81 / 100,000 (1,855/5,580,326). High incidence of 3 to 14 years old, 10 909 cases reported (87.32%); early spring and early summer peak incidence significantly, the incidence of cases were 5 726 and 4 736 cases; sex ratio was 1.67: 1, male over Female (P <0.01). The number of students, kindergarten children and diasporas were high incidence population, with 11 651 cases, accounting for 93.26% of the reported cases (12 493 cases). Conclusions In recent years, mumps has become a public health problem that affects the health and normal teaching order of children and adolescents in Anyang City. It is necessary to conduct targeted monitoring and prevention and control of mumps epidemics in key places such as schools and child care institutions.