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一 解答算术应用题,对小学生来说,是一种复杂的智力活动。应用题的结构是制约学生解题的智力活动的外部条件。解题的心理活动是这种智力活动过程的具体表现,它包括解答者理解题文、分析题目情节、找出其数量关系并进行计算等一系列的心理动作。算式则是以数学语言表达解题心理活动的结果,它标志着算术运算的程序和方式。
A solution to arithmetic problems, for primary school students, is a complex intellectual activity. The structure of the applied questions is the external condition that restricts the intellectual activities of the students. Psychological activities to solve the problem is the concrete manifestation of this process of intellectual activity. It includes a series of psychological actions, such as answering the questions, understanding the topics, finding out the relationship between them and calculating them. The formula is the result of expressing the mental activity of solving problems in mathematical language, which marks the procedure and the way of arithmetic operation.