墨西哥是第三世界和拉美经济发展较快的国家之一,被列入新兴工业化国家(NICS)的行列。引人注目的是,墨西哥对外贸易从1982年起由过去长期持续逆差转为连年顺差。出口量从占世界第35位上升到第20位。1989年出口增长率高达17.5%,超过世界平均增长率7.5%的一倍多。出现这种态势的原因自然是多方面的,但重要因素之一是该国坚持实行开放型的对外贸易。其政策主要有下述七项。 Mexico is one of the third countries in the world with rapid economic development in Latin America and is listed among the newly industrialized countries (NICS). What is striking is that Mexico’s foreign trade has changed from a long-term continuous deficit to a consecutive year’s surplus since 1982. Exports rose from the 35th in the world to the 20th. The growth rate of exports in 1989 was as high as 17.5%, more than double the world average growth rate of 7.5%. There are many reasons for this trend, but one of the important factors is that the country insists on the implementation of open foreign trade. Its policies mainly include the following seven items.