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1 工作原理 为了解决铲刀切深过程中存在的问题,根据推土机工作时铲刀切深量的变化引起推土机速度的变化这一规律,使设计的铲刀自动切深控制器能随着切深量的变化,引起负荷的变化。负荷的变化又引起推土机速度的变化,反之利用推土机速度的变化来控制铲刀切深量的变化。1.1 速度传感器和电压 利用速度传感器,可以感应出电压的高低。当车速快,则感应电压高,反之亦然,也即利用这一原理研制监控器,实现铲刀切深量的自动控制。 当发动机调整到最佳状态时,推土机负荷的大小决定行走速度（即推土机后桥箱齿轮速度的相应变化）。通过齿轮的齿廓和齿间,由电子接近开关输出不同频率的脉冲信号,信号进入频率电压转换器芯片,输出高低变化的电压信号。电压信号再输入到集成电路,经比较电压后,放大驱动高亮度发光二极管工作,显示推土机铲刀的出力状态,再由十格发光二极管显示铲刀切深的上下限,见图1。
1 Working principle In order to solve the problems in the depth of blade cutting, according to the rule that the change of the blade depth during the work of the bulldozer causes the speed of the bulldozer to change, the designed blade automatic depth cutting controller can follow the depth of cut. The change in quantity causes a change in the load. The change in load again causes a change in the speed of the bulldozer, whereas the use of a change in the speed of the bulldozer controls the change in the depth of cut of the blade. 1.1 Speed Sensors and Voltages Using speed sensors, you can sense the voltage level. When the speed is fast, the induced voltage is high, and vice versa. That is to say, the monitor is developed using this principle to achieve automatic control of the depth of blade cutting. When the engine is adjusted to the optimum state, the size of the bulldozer’s load determines the walking speed (ie, the corresponding change in the gear speed of the bulldozer’s rear axle box). Through the gear tooth profile and between the teeth, the electronic proximity switch outputs pulse signals of different frequencies, and the signal enters the frequency voltage converter chip, and outputs a voltage signal of varying height and low voltage. The voltage signal is then input to the integrated circuit. After comparing the voltages, the high-brightness light-emitting diodes are amplified and driven to display the output state of the bulldozer blades. The ten-grid light-emitting diodes are used to display the upper and lower limits of the blade depth, as shown in FIG.