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研究应用基于Illumina公司的Miseq高通量测序平台,深度解析东北黑土大豆短期连作和长期连作土壤细菌群落结构多样性。通过对细菌16S rRNA序列V4区的高通量测序,短期(3年)和长期连作(20年)大豆田土壤分别得到180 980和221 424条有效序列,注释为1 254和1 432个细菌可操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit,OTU),且长期连作土壤细菌群落丰富度和多样性均高于短期连作土壤。在细菌门分类水平上,短期和长期连作土壤中细菌优势菌群构成为相同的8个细菌菌门(所占比例>1%),依次包括变形菌门、酸杆菌门、疣微菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、芽单胞菌门和硝化螺菌门,其所占总比例之和分别达到细菌菌门总数的85.5%和86.3%。在细菌属分类水平上,短期和长期连作土壤中细菌TOP10优势菌群构成相同,包括疣微菌门的Spartobacteria属、酸杆菌门的Gp1、Gp4、Gp3和Gp6属、芽单胞菌门的Gemmatimonas属、硝化螺菌门的Nitrospira属、变形菌门的Sphingomonas属和Bradyrhizobium属以及厚壁菌门的Bacillus属,且10个细菌菌属所占比例之和分别达到细菌菌门总数的71.3%和69.0%。结果表明:东北黑土区大豆经过长期连作后土壤细菌优势菌菌群结构变化较小,但群落丰富度和多样性较短期连作略有增加,且对大豆养分吸收和生长有促进作用的根瘤菌Bradyrhizobium属和硝化细菌Nitrospira属所占比例增加。研究结果对解释大豆长期连作根病抑制性土壤形成机制具有一定价值。
Based on Illumina’s Miseq high-throughput sequencing platform, the study analyzed the diversity of soil bacterial communities in short-term continuous cropping and long-term continuous-cropping in Northeast China. By sequencing high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA sequence V4 region, 180,980 and 221,424 validated sequences were obtained from soybean soil in the short-term (3 years) and long-term continuous cropping (20 years) respectively, with 1 254 and 1 432 bacteria annotated (Operational taxonomic unit, OTU), and the soil bacterial community abundance and diversity in long-term continuous cropping were higher than those in short-term continuous cropping. At the level of bacterial door classification, the dominant bacterial flora of bacteria in short-term and long-term continuous cropping consisted of the same 8 bacterial fungi (accounting for> 1%), followed by Proteobacteria, Acidobacter, Bacteroides, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Bacillus stearothermophilus and Nitrosospirillum, accounting for 85.5% and 86.3% of the total number of bacteria. At the bacterial taxonomic level, the dominant bacterial groups of bacteria TOP10 in short-term and long-term continuous cropping soil are of the same composition, including Spartobacteria of the genus Verrucaria, Gp1, Gp4, Gp3 and Gp6 genus of the acidobacteria, Gemmatimonas Nitrospira genus of Nitrospira, Sphingomonas genus and Bradyrhizobium genus of Proteobacteria and Bacillus genus of Phyllotomyces genus, and the sum of the proportions of 10 bacterial genera reached 71.3% and 69.0 of the total number of bacterial genitalia, respectively %. The results showed that the flora of soil dominant bacteria in the black soil region of Northeast China changed little after long-term continuous cropping. However, the community richness and diversity increased slightly in short-term continuous cropping and the Bradyrhizobium The genus Nitrospira and the nitrifying bacteria account for an increasing proportion. The research results have some value to explain the mechanism of inhibitory soil formation in long-term continuous cropping of soybean.