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一、本文对鞍钢铁东医院1955年1月至1963年1月八年间经尸体解剖308例急死小儿结合临床资料进行分析,本文小儿急死期限是指平素外表似很健康或虽有轻微疾病但未为一般家长或医务人员所注意,而于24小时内死亡的病例。本组患儿1岁以内者占绝大多数(72.4％)。二、小儿急死死因分窒息死及病死两大类。窒息致死20例(6.5％)。病死则以肺炎为最多共142例(46.1％),依次为各种急性传染病共45例(14.6％),各种出血37例(12.0％),结核病20例(6.4％),先天性心脏病、中毒性心肌炎各为5例(1.6％),其余为较少见的病例。三、本组临床误诊44例(误诊率14.3％)。主要原因是发病急,临床表现不典型,病史、体检及实验室检查资料不全面,但也可能为其他轻微原发病症状所掩盖。
First, the article of Anshan Iron Tiedong Hospital from January 1955 to January 1963 January eight years autopsy 308 cases of acute death in children with clinical data analysis, this article refers to the period of acute exacerbation of children usually appear to be very healthy or although minor diseases but not For the attention of general parents or medical staff, and died within 24 hours of the case. The majority of children within 1 year of this group accounted for (72.4%). Second, acute respiratory failure in children asphyxia and death two major categories. Asphyxial death in 20 cases (6.5%). A total of 142 cases (46.1%) died of pneumonia, followed by a total of 45 cases (14.6%) of various acute infectious diseases, 37 cases (12.0%) of various bleeding, 20 cases of tuberculosis (6.4%), congenital heart Five cases (1.6%) were found for each disease and poisoned myocarditis. The others were rare cases. Third, the group of clinical misdiagnosis 44 cases (misdiagnosis rate 14.3%). The main reason is the acute onset, atypical clinical manifestations, medical history, physical examination and laboratory data are not comprehensive, but may also be overshadowed by other minor symptoms of the original disease.