《道德经》对新世纪的中国具有特殊的现实意义。本文从无为而治来诠释老子的治国思想,探究无为而治的思想在中国古代的运用,分析当代中国政府所存在的一些弊病和不足,用无为而治的智慧从观念和制度来改造政府,以促进现实社会的和谐,适应经济发展。 “Moral Scriptures” is of special and realistic significance to China in the new century. This paper tries to explain Lao-tzu’s idea of ​​running the country by doing nothing, exploring the use of the non-effective rule in ancient China, analyzing some shortcomings and deficiencies existing in contemporary Chinese government, reconstructing the government from the concept and system with the wisdom of doing nothing, So as to promote harmony in the real world and adapt to economic development.