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1981—1984年在河北省饶阳县三种肥力水平地块上,以4个陆地棉Gossyium hirsutum L.品种为材料,进行了11次人工模拟第二代棉铃虫Heliothis armigera(Hübner)对棉蕾的为害试验,旨在确定受害株在繁殖器官水平上的补偿途径。每两天记录一次每处理各10株棉花各节位的发育状况。数据表明,每株去除8个左右的早期蕾的影响是:1)始花日推迟9.32天但不引起皮棉减产;2)有效花期缩短5.95天,这对产量有不利影响;3)现蕾总数(包括去除数)增加15.31％,合每株7.07个,这奠定了补偿的基础;4)开花速度加快17.21％,致使每株总花数比对照多0.43朵;5)幼铃脱落率降低9.85％;6)成铃数增加15.28％,合每株2.34个;7)果枝数、每铃籽棉重以及皮棉百分率都无显著变化。由此可以清楚看出,这些受害株能够基本上弥补损失的蕾数,同时开花速度显著加快,使得总花数略有增加,幼铃脱落率显著降低,结果成铃数显著增多。这些正作用的总效应远超出缩短有效花期造成的负作用。因此,遭受一定程度早期蕾损失的植株在一般情况下都能增产。这一认识动摇了华北棉区控制棉铃虫的通常对策,该对策把防治重点放在第二代上。
From 1981 to 1984, three cultivars of Gossyium hirsutum L. from Gossypium hirsutum L. were used as experimental material to test the effects of Heliothis armigera (Hübner), a second-generation cotton bollworm, The purpose of this experiment was to determine the compensatory pathways of the affected plants at the level of reproductive organs. Record the development of each node of 10 cottons per treatment every two days. The data showed that the effect of removing about 8 early buds per plant was as follows: 1) the first flowering day was postponed for 9.32 days but the lint yield was not reduced; 2) the effective flowering period was shortened by 5.95 days, which had an adverse effect on the yield; 3) (Including the number of removal) increased by 15.31% and 7.07 per plant, which laid the foundation for the compensation. 4) The speed of flowering increased by 17.21%, resulting in 0.43 flower per plant more than the control; 5) %; 6) The number of bolls increased by 15.28%, 2.34 per plant; 7) There was no significant change in fruit number, cotton boll weight and lint percentage. It can be clearly seen that these injured plants can basically make up for the loss of buds, and flowering significantly accelerated at the same time, resulting in a slight increase in the total number of flowers, a significant reduction in the rate of young bell, resulting in a significant increase in the number of bolls. The total effect of these positive effects goes far beyond the negative effect of reducing effective flowering. Therefore, plants that suffer a certain degree of early bud loss can generally increase production. This understanding has shaken the usual countermeasures for controlling cotton bollworms in North China cotton area. The measures put prevention and control emphasis on the second generation.