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对于甾体激素调节靶细胞基因活动的研究,已有近30年的历史。近年来的主要进展是激素受体的鉴定和纯化及受激素调节基因的克隆。西德M.Beato最近专文综述了甾体激素受体与靶细胞基因调控的研究进展。通过对不同受体的cDNA克隆和氨基酸序列比较,发现已知的甾体激素受体都具有相似的结构。受体蛋白质具有可变的N端区、短而高度保守、富于半胱氨酸的中间区,以及较保守的C端区。每区内又可分为更短的基本结构区,为一些尚未完全确认的区域所隔开。例如,在中间区,富于半胱氨酸的区域构成两个“锌手指(zinc finger)”,其主要特点是一个锌原子与一段突出肽段构成的环上的四个半胱氨酸残基相联接。这种结构特点和体外结合及功能实验均提示,中间区具有结合DNA的功能。C端区似乎有更复杂的
For steroid hormone regulation of target cell gene activity research, has nearly 30 years of history. Major advances in recent years have been the identification and purification of hormone receptors and the cloning of hormone-regulated genes. West Germany M. Beato recently reviewed the research progress of gene regulation of steroid hormone receptors and target cells. By comparing the cDNA clones and amino acid sequences of different receptors, we found that the known steroid hormone receptors all have similar structures. Receptor proteins have a variable N-terminal region, a short, highly conserved, cysteine-rich middle region, and a more conserved C-terminal region. Each area can be divided into shorter basic structure area, separated by some not yet fully confirmed area. For example, in the middle region, cysteine-rich regions form two “zinc fingers,” which are characterized primarily by four cysteine residues on the ring of a zinc atom and a protruding peptide Base connection. This structural feature and in vitro binding and functional experiments suggest that the middle region has the function of binding to DNA. C-terminal area seems to be more complex