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“V+起”的认知基础是驱动-路径图式,最初用于空间域中,关注在施动者力的作用下受动者发生的路径变化。“起”最初呈现为上向,后转喻具有聚拢向,分别凸显外在源点和内在源点,对应刚性位移与变形位移。“起”经历了从空间到时间、状态域的放射性隐喻扩展,经历了位移轨迹的隐喻或转喻,语义不断泛化和虚化,所搭配动词小类不断扩大。由低到高隐喻为动作开始并持续,这一点也进一步印证了时间表征具有垂直空间方向性。由展到拢隐喻为由散到合,体现为受动者形状特征的变化。转喻均体现为过程代结果,由低到高转喻为由展到拢、由无到有、由隐到显、由不具备到具备(某行为能力),由展到拢转喻为由显到隐。文章还结合历时语料进行了验证。
The cognitive basis of “V +” is the drive-path pattern, originally used in the space domain, to focus on the path changes that take place in the hands of the actor. “Qi ” was originally presented as an upwards, metonymic with convergence, respectively, highlights the external source and internal source points, corresponding to the rigid displacement and deformation displacement. Experiencing the expansion of radioactive metaphor from space to time and state domain, “experiencing ” has gone through the metaphor or metonymy of displacement trajectory, and the semantics have been continuously generalized and virtualized. From low to high metaphor for the action began and continued, and this further confirms the time scale has the vertical spatial orientation. The metaphorical metaphor is scattered from the exhibition to the close together, which shows the change of the shape characteristics of the recipient. Mentality are reflected as the result of the process, from low to high metonymy from the exhibition to the close, from nothing, from hidden to significant, from not have to have (a behavior ability), from the perspective of exhibition metonymy To show hidden. The article is also verified with diachronic corpus.