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雌激素受体α(estrogen receptorα,ERα)是配体依赖的转录因子,属于核受体超家族成员。ERα介导转录的经典途径是与雌激素结合后作用于靶基因启动子区的雌激素反应元件(estrogen response element,ERE),进而诱导靶基因转录。ERα招募辅调节因子(共激活子和共抑制子)参与ERα介导的基因转录调控。辅调节因子主要通过乙酰化、磷酸化、甲基化等表观遗传机制参与转录调控,影响靶蛋白表达水平。ΕRα介导的基因转录调控在乳腺癌的增殖、分化、侵袭转移等过程中发挥重要作用。综述在ERα介导的基因转录调控中几类辅调节因子对乳腺癌发生发展的影响。
Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor and belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily. The classical pathway of ERα-mediated transcription is the estrogen response element (ERE) acting on the promoter region of the target gene after binding with estrogen to induce transcription of the target gene. ERα recruits co-regulators (co-activators and co-repressors) to ERα-mediated gene transcription regulation. Secondary regulatory factors mainly through the acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation and other epigenetic mechanisms involved in transcriptional regulation, the impact of target protein expression levels. ΕRα-mediated gene transcriptional regulation play an important role in the process of breast cancer proliferation, differentiation, invasion and metastasis. The effects of several kinds of cofactors on the development of breast cancer in ERα-mediated gene transcriptional regulation were summarized.